Prognostic Value of Serial B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Measurement in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (from the PARTNER Trial)

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels have shown a correlation with outcomes in studies of aortic valve surgery. Results from multicenter trials of BNP in transcatheter aortic valve surgery (TAVR) are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of serial measurement of BNP in transfemoral TAVR. A total of 1,097 patients who underwent TAVR via transfemoral access were analyzed by tertile of baseline BNP. Of those, 933 with BNP levels at 30 days were divided into 2 groups on the basis of increases (334 patients) or decreases or no change (599 patients) in BNP compared with baseline. Patients in the low-tertile BNP group had a lower rate of death at 1 year than those in the higher tertile group (15.0% vs 23.0%, p <0.01) which was not significant in multivariate analysis. Over 1 year, BNP decreased from 1,258.13 ± 2,988.33 to 594.37 ± 1,087.30 (p <0.01) in the entire group. Patients in the BNP-rise group had higher rates of death at 1 year (20.3% vs 11.4%, p <0.01) and an overall increase in moderate or severe aortic regurgitation over 1 year (p <0.01). Multivariate predictors of 1-year mortality were moderate or severe aortic regurgitation (hazard ratio 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.36 to 3.05, p <0.01), increase in BNP at 30 days (hazard ratio 1.82, 95% confidence interval 1.26 to 2.62, p <0.01) and Society of Thoracic Surgeons score (hazard ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.10, p = 0.03). In conclusion, increase in BNP at 30 days from baseline and moderate or severe aortic regurgitation at 30 days in patients who undergo transfemoral TAVR are independently associated with 1-year mortality. Increase in BNP at 30 days should prompt evaluation for causes of elevated wall stress, including aortic regurgitation.