Effect of Chronic Statin Treatment on Vascular Remodeling Determined by Intravascular Ultrasound in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Early statin treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome results in vascular changes and improved clinical outcomes. However, the influence of chronic statin treatment on the culprit vessel in acute coronary syndrome is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphologic features of the culprit vessel in acute myocardial infarction by comparing patients with and without chronic statin treatment. We enroled consecutive patients with AMI, who had hyperlipidemia and primary percutaneous coronary intervention guided by intravascular ultrasound within 24 hours of symptom onset. Of 155 patients, 73 patients were stratified to the chronic statin group and 82 to the nonstatin group. Intravascular ultrasound in both the groups showed that positive remodeling was significantly less frequent in the chronic statin group (46.6%) compared with the nonstatin group (70.7%; p = 0.001). Necrotic core area was significantly smaller in the chronic statin group (2.2 ± 1.3 mm2) compared with the nonstatin group (3.2 ± 2.1 mm2; p <0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that chronic statin treatment was significantly associated with less positive remodeling (odds ratio 0.283, 95% confidence interval 0.111 to 0.723, p = 0.008). In conclusion, chronic statin treatment reduced positive remodeling in the culprit lesions of patients with acute myocardial infarction.