Impact of statin therapy on long-term clinical outcomes of vasospastic angina without significant stenosis: A propensity-score matched analysis

BackgroundLimited data are available on the efficacy of statin therapy for secondary prevention in patients with vasospastic angina (VSA). We investigated the association of statin therapy with long-term clinical outcomes in VSA patients without significant coronary artery disease.MethodsFrom January 2003 to June 2014, we enrolled a total of 804 patients with VSA proven by an ergonovine provocation test without significant (≥ 70% diameter stenosis) coronary artery disease. We classified patients into a statin group (n = 330) and a no-statin group (n = 474) according to the use of statin. Primary outcome were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and any revascularization.ResultsMedian follow-up duration was 4.5 years (interquartile range: 2.0 to 7.3 years). MACE occurred in 14 patients (4.2%) in the statin group, and 21 patients (4.4%) in the no-statin group. There were no differences between the two groups (p = 0.97). After 1:1 propensity-score matching (281 pairs), MACE (statin versus [vs.] no-statin; 3.2% vs. 4.3%, hazard ratio [HR]; 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.34-1.89, p = 0.60) and readmission due to chest pain (17.1% vs. 17.4%, HR; 1.08, 95% CI; 0.72-1.06, p = 0.72) were not statistically different between the two groups.ConclusionOur results suggest that statin therapy could not improve long-term clinical outcomes in VSA patients without significant coronary artery disease.