Prevalence of aortic valve dystrophy and insufficiency in a cohort of 255 HIV-positive patients followed-up in a cardiology department between 2012 and 2014

ObjectivesTo study valve appearance and the presence of valve disease in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLHIV).DesignA prospective study of PLHIV examined at the cardiology department of the Clermont Ferrand university hospital group (CHU) between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2014. Were excluded those with a history of infection associated with a possible endocarditis.MethodsDemographic, medical characteristics and cardiovascular disease risk factors at time of cardiovascular examination and Doppler-echocardiography were recorded and analyzed.ResultsIn total, 903 PLHIV were examined in the infectious diseases department, 255 of whom were included. These consisted of 67 women (26.3%) and 188 men, of a mean age of 51.2 ± 9.7 years, in whom coronary artery disease was diagnosed in 18 patients (7.0%), two women and 16 men, representing a prevalence of 3.0% in females and 8.5% in males. The appearance of the aortic cusps was considered dystrophic in 14.1% of cases (36/255), dysplastic in two cases (0.8%), exhibiting a bicuspid deformity in one case. The prevalence of aortic valve abnormality was therefore 6.0% in the women (4/67) and 17.0% in the men (32/188). On facing off this data with the Kora Monica study findings, an increase in prevalence appears only to truly manifest after 50 years of age. We registered 35 aortic insufficiency cases (13.7%), representing a higher incidence than that of the Framingham cohort, with age and masculine gender being the determining factors.ConclusionValve disease, along with coronary artery disease, should be closely monitored in PLHIV.