Effects of calcium ions on titanium surfaces for bone regeneration

- We analyze the physicochemistry of titanium surfaces modified with calcium ions.
- We analyze the osteogenic potential of titanium surfaces modified with calcium ions.
- The calcium adsorbate prevents the putative hydrocarbon adsorption on titania.
- 2/3 Ca release in burst mode, the rest is released progressively over 85 days.
- Ca on titania enhances osteoblast response and bone-implant integration.