Should women suffering from migraine with aura be screened for biological thrombophilia?: Results from a cross-sectional French study

IntroductionMigraine, particularly migraine with aura (MA), is associated with a higher risk for ischemic stroke (IS). A procoagulant state may predispose to IS. Whether inherited biological thrombophilia are associated with migraine risk remains controversial.ObjectiveTo assess the risk of migraine without or with aura related to inherited biological thrombophilia adjusted for the main potential confounders.Material and MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 1456 French women aged 18 to 56 years, referred for biological coagulation check-up because of personal or familial venous thrombosis history. Between April 2007 and December 2008, all women answered a self-administered questionnaire to determine whether they had headache.ResultsThere were 294 (20%) migrainous sufferers (including 71 [5%] with MA), 975 (67%) non migrainous women and 187 (13%) non migrainous headache women. Inherited thrombophilia were detected in 576 (40%) women, including 389 (40%) non migrainous women, 90 (40%) migraine without aura (MWA), 33 (46%) MA women and 64 (34%) non migrainous headache women. Factor V Leiden (FVL) i.e. F5rs6025 or Factor II G20210A (FIIL) i.e. F2rs1799963 mutation was detected in 296 (30%) non migrainous women and in 100 (34%) migrainous women of which 27 had MA. There was a significant association between MA and FVL or FIIL mutations (adjusted OR = 1.76 [95% CI 1.02-3.06] p = 0.04) whereas this association in MWA and in non migrainous headache women was not significant. There was no significant association between migraine and other biological thrombophilia.ConclusionFVL or FIIL mutations were more likely among patients suffering from MA. Whether biological thrombophilia screening should be systematically performed in women suffering from MA remains to be determined.