TMS, cortical excitability and epilepsy: The clinical impact

Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (ppTMS) is a well-established method for non-invasive measurement of cortical excitability, alterations of which are the core background of epilepsy. For the past 20 years this technique has been extensively used to assess patients with epilepsy. We present here a critical overview of these studies, with emphasis on their translation to the clinical practice.