کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
6016197 1186103 2011 10 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Transition to seizure: From “macro”- to “micro”-mysteries
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی عصب شناسی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Transition to seizure: From “macro”- to “micro”-mysteries
چکیده انگلیسی

SummaryOne of the most terrifying aspects of epilepsy is the sudden and apparently unpredictable transition of the brain into the pathological state of an epileptic seizure. The pathophysiology of the transition to seizure still remains mysterious. Herein we review some of the key concepts and relevant literatures dealing with this enigmatic transitioning of brain states. At the “MACRO” level, electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings at time display preictal phenomena followed by pathological high-frequency oscillations at the seizure onset. Numerous seizure prediction algorithms predicated on identifying changes prior to seizure onset have met with little success, underscoring our lack of understanding of the dynamics of transition to seizure, amongst other inherent limitation. We then discuss the concept of synchronized hyperexcited oscillatory networks underlying seizure generation. We consider these networks as weakly coupled oscillators, a concept which forms the basis of some relevant mathematical modeling of seizure transitions. Next, the underlying “MICRO” processes involved in seizure generation are discussed. The depolarization of the GABAA chloride reversal potential is a major concept, facilitating epileptogenesis, particularly in immature brain. Also the balance of inhibitory and excitatory local neuronal networks plays an important role in the process of transitioning to seizure. Gap junctional communication, including that which occurs between glia, as well as ephaptic interactions are increasingly recognized as critical for seizure generation. In brief, this review examines the evidence regarding the characterization of the transition to seizure at both the “MACRO” and “MICRO” levels, trying to characterize this mysterious yet critical problem of the brain state transitioning into a seizure.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Epilepsy Research - Volume 97, Issue 3, December 2011, Pages 290-299
نویسندگان
, , ,