Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a tool to study the role of GABA in motor-cortical plasticity

► Accurate quantification of neurotransmitters is possible using MRS. ► Local GABA levels correlate with task performance relying on that cortical region. ► Decreases in GABA are seen during plasticity induction in the motor system. ► Decreases in GABA can be related to behavioural improvements. ► The relationship between GABA and behaviour appears to be regionally specific.