Neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR1) gene variation modulates response inhibition and error monitoring

► The neuropeptide S (NPS) system has been suggested in the pathogenesis of anxiety. ► Response inhibition/error monitoring was analyzed dependent on NPSR1 A/T. ► NPSR1 T allele conferred increased response inhibition/error monitoring. ► Anxiety sensitivity influenced Nogo-P3 / Ne/ERN in interaction with NPSR1 T allele. ► NPSR1 might increase anxiety risk via psychophysiological endophenotypes.