Investigation of fMRI neurofeedback of differential primary motor cortex activity using kinesthetic motor imagery

► We investigate fMRI neurofeedback on the motor system using imagery. ► We examine effects of laterality and subject performance using PLS. ► Ipsilateral M1 suppression drives successful neurofeedback performance. ► Approximately half of the experimental subjects were unsuccessful in the task. ► Activation of the task-positive network correlated with performance.