Processing of vocalizations in humans and monkeys: A comparative fMRI study

► We performed functional MRI study in humans and monkeys. ► We compared the fMRI activations to conspecific vocalizations in both species. ► Monkeys and humans showed similar fMRI activity maps in the primary auditory cortex. ► Monkeys showed similar responses to monkey calls and to human vocal sounds. ► In contrast to monkeys, humans showed a clear conspecific preference in STG/STS.