The 'where' and the 'when' of the BOLD response to pain in the insular cortex. Discussion on amplitudes and latencies

► Anterior insula and posterior insula have different BOLD pattern encoding for pain. ► Pain is coded as higher amplitude of BOLD response in the posterior insula. ► Pain is coded as shortened latency of BOLD response in the anterior insula. ► Pain is characterized by differences in amplitude and latency of the BOLD response.