Brain maturation: Predicting individual BrainAGE in children and adolescents using structural MRI

► A sensitive reference curve for structural brain maturation in humans is provided. ► The BrainAGE framework uses structural MRI data and is fully automatic. ► The multidimensional maturation pattern is aggregated to the individual brain age. ► Preterm-born subjects showed a delay in brain maturation of 1.5 years in adolescence. ► The novel BrainAGE method proved to detect both normal and abnormal brain maturation.