Update on the prevalence and genetic characterization of NDM-1-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Indian hospitals during 2010

Thirteen NDM-1-producing Enterobacteriaceae, representing all carbapenem-resistant strains (5.2% overall) collected in 3 Indian hospitals during 2010, were analyzed. Eleven genetically distinct strains of 4 bacterial species were observed. All 3 E. coli strains belonged to ST101. Strains harbored blaCTX-M-15 and at least 1 other β-lactamase. Fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside resistance genes were detected in 11 and 6 strains, respectively. blaNDM-1 was carried in plasmids of various sizes and incompatibility types, and 3 were transferred by conjugation. This study confirms the ability of blaNDM-1 to disseminate among different bacterial species and the genetic variability of the structures carrying this metallo-β-lactamase gene in India.