Exaggerated inflammatory environment decreases BMP-2/ACS-induced ectopic bone mass in a rat model: implications for clinical use of BMP-2

These data indicate that an exaggerated inflammatory environment may decrease BMP-2/ACS-induced bone mass in vivo by suppressing BMP-2-induced osteoblastic differentiation and by increasing the number or activity of osteoclasts. The negative role of exaggerated inflammation deserves consideration for future clinical use of BMP-2 in inducing bone regeneration.