A further simulation study on the dual role of porosity in solid-particle erosion of materials

► We investigate effects of porosity on solid-particle erosion of pure metal, ceramic, and composite materials (MMC and CMC) using a dynamic wear simulation model. ► A small amount of porosity has a positive effect on the erosion resistance of metal but the beneficial effect diminishes as a reinforcing phase is added. ► Pores play a dual role: providing preferential sites for crack nucleation but may force cracks to zigzag with elevated energy dissipation. ► Porosity is always detrimental to ceramic materials, which are hard and brittle.