The Integration of the Hydrogen Distribution System with Multiple Impurities

This paper addresses the minimization of the utility consumption of hydrogen distribution networks with multiple impurities. The impurity profiles, which are plotted according to the impurity concentration versus flowrate, and the impurity deficit diagram of all impurities are proposed. Two systematic targeting procedures for two different types of systems are developed for screening the minimum utility consumption before modifying the distribution system. In the procedures, all impurities are considered at the same time. Although iterative calculation is necessary, this method can determine the minimum utility consumption of hydrogen easily. It can also be used for minimizing the freshwater consumption in water allocation networks.