Preparation and antifouling properties of PVDF ultrafiltration membranes with polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers and hydrolysed PSMA (H-PSMA) as additives

PVDF ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by phase inversion method with hydrolyzed polystyrene-co-maleic anhydride (H-PSMA) and PANI nanofibers as additives. Membranes showed better permeability, antifouling properties and high rejection of 98.52% and 97.38% for heavy metal ions Pb2 + and Cd2 + respectively.126