Solar diffusion driven desalination for decentralized water production

This paper examines the operation of the solar diffusion driven desalination process (humidification–dehumidification) under dynamic operating conditions. The solar heat input is recycled in a unique dynamic mode so that it does not require an external source of cooling water. A detailed analytical investigation that is based on numerical simulation suggests that this process can potentially produce 100 L/day distilled water with an average specific electric energy consumption as low as 3.6 kWh/m3 using a total of eight 2 m2 flat plate solar collectors. Water production and energy consumption have been investigated under various design and operating conditions. A unique operating mode has been explored to reduce the specific energy consumption.

► Unique operating mode is developed to enhance distillation performance.
► Water and air re-circulation in the process enhances distillation performance.
► External water cooling for the distillation process is eliminated.
► The delayed operating mode reduces the electric specific energy consumption.