Breakdown in central motor control can be attenuated by motor practice and neuro-modulation of the primary motor cortex

► We measured the central and kinematic changes associated with practice and neuro-modulation. ► Motor practice of a maximal voluntary rate task was preceded by a 15-min Sham or ITMS intervention. ► Cortico-motor excitability was increased after ITMS but not Sham intervention. ► Prior ITMS attenuated movement breakdown with practice more than the Sham intervention. ► Increased cortico-motor excitability improved motor performance and learning.