The structure of networks that produce the transformation from grid cells to place cells

▶We study theoretically how periodic grid cell spiking is transformed into punctuate spiking of place cells. ▶We derive a family of solutions that are robust to noise. ▶ We show that various other models also yield solutions with the same structure. ▶This insight allows us to generate solutions with multiple spatial maps, which accounts for multiple place fields and global remapping. ▶These multiple spatial maps can be learned by an unsupervised Hebbian learning rule.