The effects of menthol on cold allodynia and wind-up-like pain in upper limb amputees with different levels of phantom limb pain

► Application of menthol may be a model for studying cold allodynia in phantom limb patients. ► Topical application of menthol may exacerbate wind-up-like pain in phantom limb patients. ► The level and type of neuropathic pain may be important for understanding the effects of menthol.