Neuronal calcium sensor-1 and cocaine addiction: A genetic association study in African-Americans and European Americans

► The neuronal Ca2+ sensor-1 (NCS-1) gene encodes a dopamine receptor-interacting protein. ► Dopamine receptor-interacting proteins (DRIPs) represent novel targets for cocaine addiction. ► rs1342043 was associated with cocaine addiction in African Americans. ► Sex specific analysis of cases and controls shows an association of rs1342043 in males and rs7849345 in females. ► Future studies are necessary to elucidate the role of NCS-1 in addiction.