Are posterior default-mode networks more robust than anterior default-mode networks? Evidence from resting-state fMRI data analysis

Intrinsic brain activity known as default-mode networks (DMNs) has been observed predominantly within the medial/superior frontal areas, anterior/posterior cingulate gyri, and precuneus using blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI). Despite anecdotal evidence of distinct spatial patterns reflecting neuropsychiatric conditions in these DMNs, rigorous analysis of the characteristic traits of DMNs has been limited in previous studies. In this letter, the reproducibility and potential variability of the anterior and posterior DMNs were evaluated based on individual-level variations in effect sizes, activated areas, and causal interactions. Our results indicated that the DMNs were indeed reproducible between sessions/subjects. Region-specific traits were also observed: the posterior DMN seemed more robust to individual-level variations than the anterior DMN. The proposed analytical methods and reported findings may be useful in the development of a wide range of applications, including those involving clinical populations, which utilize the characteristic traits of DMNs.

► Posterior default-mode networks (DMNs) seem to be more robust than anterior DMN. ► Group independent component analysis revealed region-specific traits of the DMNs. ► Level of neuronal activity is greater in the posterior DMNs than the anterior DMN. ► Size of overlap is greater in the posterior DMNs than the anterior DMN. ► Functional/effective connectivity between the DMNs was reproducible and reliable.