ReviewGenetic approaches to chemotype determination in type B-trichothecene producing Fusaria

- Molecular diagnostic methods for chemotype determination in Fusaria are detailed
- Chemotyping studies on Fusarium strains from year 2000 are described.
- Better link between chemical analysis and genetic chemotyping is needed
- Chemotype diversity can inform on the potential toxigenic risk
- Studies on factors affecting chemotype prevalence are needed

This review summarises the genetic methods used for chemotype determination of the main Fusarium type B-trichothecene producing species. Literature on Fusarium chemotype epidemiology over the last 15 years is reviewed in order to describe temporal and spatial chemotype distribution of these fungi worldwide. Genetic approaches used for chemotype determination are also reviewed and discussed, highlighting successes and potential pitfalls of the technique. Results from both genetic and chemical approaches are summarised to compare reliability, advantages and limitations of the two methods. Potential applications of genetic chemotyping to toxigenic Fusarium species are evaluated in the light of improving food safety of agricultural products. The use of chemotype determination in population studies, toxin prediction as well as for breeding purpose is described.