The role of liposome-protamine-DNA nanoparticles containing CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in the course of infection induced by Leishmania major in BALB/c mice

► LPD (CpG) is known for immunostimulatory effects. ► Live Leishmania major plus LPD (CpG) reduces lesion size and elicits strong Th1 response. ► Live L. major plus CpG has minimal effect in reducing lesion size and eliciting Th1 response. ► Live L. major plus CpG inoculated separately has the same effect as the mixture of them.