Immune changes of Schistosoma japonicum infections in various rodent disease models

► We established immunosuppression models of Mf, SD rats and C57BL/6 mice. ► Worm development in rodents was impaired when T and B lymphocytes were suppressed. ► Th2 response was polarized in rodents in the early stage of Sj infection. ► Lymphocytes may mediate protection against Sj and promote their development. ► IL-4 and IL-12 levels in Mf were higher than in early-stage infected rats and mice.