Giardia intestinalis: Expression of ubiquitin, glucosamine-6-phosphate and cyst wall protein genes during the encystment process

► Encystment genes of Giardia start their expression at 6 h post-stimuli with bile. ► Formation of ESVs occurred concurrently with the expression of encystment genes. ► Cholesterol induces encystment but is not sufficient for complete cyst wall. ► Results suggest the role of ub as regulator in the differentiation of Giardia. ► Avoiding encystment could be useful to prevent parasite transmission.