Philasterides dicentrarchi, a histophagous ciliate causing scuticociliatosis in olive flounder, Philasterides dicentrarchi - Histopathology investigations

► To attempted experimental infection with different doses of Philasterides dicentrarchi. ► Maximum cumulative mortality of 95% was recorded at 2.1 × 108 ciliates/ml. ► Infected fish was loss of scales, hemorrhagic, and severe dermal necrotic lesion. ► Many ciliates were found in the blood vessel, brain, dorsal fins, muscle, and kidney. ► These results are of importance too aggressive as a model for vaccination assays.