Influence of plant root morphology and tissue composition on phenanthrene uptake: Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis

- There is no correlation between phenanthrene uptake and total root length, and water.
- Specific surface area and lipid are the most crucial factors for phenanthrene uptake.
- The contribution of specific surface area is greater than that of lipid.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contaminants that reside mainly in surface soils. Dietary intake of plant-based foods can make a major contribution to total PAH exposure. Little information is available on the relationship between root morphology and plant uptake of PAHs. An understanding of plant root morphologic and compositional factors that affect root uptake of contaminants is important and can inform both agricultural (chemical contamination of crops) and engineering (phytoremediation) applications. Five crop plant species are grown hydroponically in solutions containing the PAH phenanthrene. Measurements are taken for 1) phenanthrene uptake, 2) root morphology - specific surface area, volume, surface area, tip number and total root length and 3) root tissue composition - water, lipid, protein and carbohydrate content. These factors are compared through Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The major factors which promote phenanthrene uptake are specific surface area and lipid content.