Composite polymer electrolytes of sulfonated poly-ether-ether-ketone (SPEEK) with organically functionalized TiO2

▶ Properties of polymer electrolytes can be modulated using functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles. ▶ Hydrophilic titania nanoparticles improve the membrane conductivity. ▶ Hydrophobic titania nanoparticles give membranes with excellent homogeneity. ▶ Both functionalizations improve importantly the hydrolytic stability of membranes.