Financial extension that challenges farmers' thinking in discussion clubs helps farmers improve their problem solving abilities

We selected the five most important dairy farming areas in Norway and randomly drew a sample of farmers. During the fall of 2007 we visited and interviewed 90 farmers. We did a qualitative data analysis and then we merged the interview data with the existing database on biological and financial data from 2007 to do statistical analyses. To evaluate the effect of TEA we applied a four-level model for evaluating training programmes. Through membership in TEA farmers learn to improve their problem solving, and this improves their financial performance. Our findings also show that frequent interaction with dairy consultants through regular farm visits helps farmers become more proactive, given that they have enough relevant knowledge. Both for farmers and for consultants it is essential to know that extension services contribute to better problem solving, more proactive behaviour and better financial performance.