SPEEK-TiO2 nanocomposite hybrid proton conductive membranes via in situ mixed sol-gel process

The formation of the inorganic component did not introduce any porosity in the final material and both syntheses led to membranes with enhanced thermal stability, reduced water uptake and good proton conductivity (σ = 5.8 × 10−2 S cm−1) up to 120 °C, thus making the samples suitable for application as polymeric electrolytes at intermediate temperature.