کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
6407550 1628840 2013 9 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Plant- and climate-based indicators for irrigation scheduling in mid-season peach cultivar under contrasting watering conditions
ترجمه فارسی عنوان
شاخص های گیاهی و آب و هوا برای برنامه ریزی آبیاری در رقم هلویی در اواسط فصل تحت شرایط آب و هوایی متضاد
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علوم کشاورزی و بیولوژیک دانش باغداری
چکیده انگلیسی


- Water supply indices: as the ratios between cumulated water supply (I + P) and ETo.
- Significant relationships obtained between Ψstem and ΨPD and Ψm.
- A good correlation between fraction of available water (FAW) and ΨPD, Ψm and Ψstem.
- High correlation between Ψstem and seasonal water supply indices (Ks).
- Ks values of 0.8 and 0.5 could be adopted to maintain Ψstem within adequate level.

Increasing water scarcity has changed the primary objective of farmers from seeking maximum yields to preservation of the agricultural system. Deficit irrigation may be used to reduce water use; however, the adoption of this technique requires precise knowledge of tree water status and the implementation of specific irrigation skills to reduce the impact of stress. The present work investigates the water status of peach in relation to water supply under high evaporative demand with the objective of developing practical methods for deficit irrigation scheduling. A field experiment was carried out in 2006 and 2008 at the research station of INAT-Mornag in northern Tunisia. Drip-irrigated mid-season cultivar Royal Glory grafted on GF677 was used. Total water applied during the dry season was in the range 50-100 mm in 2006 and 200-300 mm in 2008. Predawn (ΨPD), midday (Ψm), and stem (Ψstem) water potentials, weather factors, irrigation and soil moisture were monitored. Results show that ETc was 524 and 603 mm for 2006 and 2008, respectively, under ETo of 1171 and 1180 mm. With highly variable quantity and distribution of precipitation, the contribution of soil reservoir water is essential to regulate evapotranspiration of trees. In 2006, applied water covered 0.35-0.50 ETc during the initial-mid season period and 0.60-0.65 ETc in postharvest. Irrigation was adjusted in 2008 to cover 0.55-0.75 ETc during vegetative and fruit growth and 0.50-0.65 ETc during postharvest. Water supply indices were defined as ratios between cumulated water supply (I + P) and ETo over different periods of time. Seasonal (Ks), 30-days (K30), 15-days (K15), and 7-days (K7) were calculated over the cropping season starting in October. Tree water status and fraction of available water (FAW) was relatively high early in the season but declined to extremely low values during the high evaporative demand period and during the periods without irrigation. Extreme low values of −1.28, −2.13 and −2.51 MPa, respectively for ΨPD, Ψm and Ψstem were observed during the high evaporative demand period. Relationships were significant between Ψstem and ΨPD and Ψm. A good correlation was also observed between FAW and ΨPD, Ψm and Ψstem. Analysis of the relationships between water supply indices (K7, K15, K30 and Ks) and tree water potential shows a high correlation between Ψstem and Ks. Upper and lower limits of 0.8 and 0.5 could be adopted for Ks in order to maintain water status of peach trees within acceptable level corresponding to moderate and severe water deficit.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Scientia Horticulturae - Volume 158, 4 July 2013, Pages 59-67
نویسندگان
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