Xanthones enriched extracts from mangosteen pericarp obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide process

Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction of xanthones from mangosteen pericarp was carried out at the following operational condition: pressure of 20, 25, and 30 MPa and temperature of 40, 50, and 60 °C. A total xanthone yield of 7.56% (w/w) was obtained at 30 MPa and 60 °C. A rapid and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography/electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS) method was developed for the quantification of xanthones with mobile phase containing acetonitrile:methanol and a weak organic acid. The SC-CO2 operating conditions impacted enrichment of xanthones when compared to ethanol extract by Soxtec method. The structures of xanthones isolated were established on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopic studies.

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► The work highlights the extraction of xanthones from mangosteen pericarp by supercritical carbon dioxide.
► Different pressures and temperatures were applied and their effect on the composition and yield of xanthones were studied.
► Xanthones were quantified by HPLC and structures were characterized by LC-MS and 2D HSQCT NMR.
► SC-CO2 process enables to extract xanthones in near pure form thus reducing multistep extraction as in conventional methods.