Connecting payments for ecosystem services and agri-environment regulation: An analysis of the Welsh Glastir Scheme

► Analysis of the new Welsh agri-environment scheme, Glastir, as a model of 'Payments for Ecosystem Services' (PES). ► Connects Payments for Ecosystem Services to EU agri-environment regulation and Common Agricultural Policy reform. ► Defends theorisation of PES as hybrids, relying on market-proxies and continued state intervention. ► Questions whether PES can act as a means overcome social and environmental contradictions in agricultural production.