A multi-scale, mechanistic model of a wet granulation process using a novel bi-directional PBM-DEM coupling algorithm

In this study, a novel mechanistic model for a wet granulation process is presented, combining the techniques of population balance modeling and discrete element methods to predict critical quality attributes of the granule product, such as porosity and size distribution. When applied to a twin screw granulation process, the model shows sensitivities to the screw element type and geometry, as well as material properties (binder viscosity, pore saturation) and process parameters (screw speed, liquid-to-solid ratio). Predicted trends are consistent with experimental observations in the literature. Using this modeling framework, a model-based approach can be used to implement Quality by Design, establishing a design space to transition towards a quantitative mechanistic understanding of wet granulation processes.