کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
6638829 | 461164 | 2014 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Catalytic fast pyrolysis of aspen lignin via Py-GC/MS
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کلمات کلیدی
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه
مهندسی شیمی
مهندسی شیمی (عمومی)
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چکیده انگلیسی
Aspen lignin extracted by an organosolv process was pyrolyzed in the presence of catalysts and analyzed using Py-GC/MS. The pyrolysis products detected are mostly aromatic hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds. The lignin and catalysts were either mixed or arranged in layers. Two different micro-porous zeolite catalysts, HZSM-5 and HY, were compared in the study. The effects of the catalysts on the production of aromatic hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds were assessed quantitatively. The HZSM-5 catalyst was found to produce from 2.5 to 40 times more aromatic hydrocarbons than the HY catalyst, by converting phenolic compounds into aromatic hydrocarbons. For the HZSM-5 catalyst, the effects of placement of catalyst were not as pronounced as were for HY. The data suggest that for any catalyst type and placement there exists an optimum catalyst-to-lignin ratio that maximizes the total production of aromatic hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds. For HZSM-5 in the mixture arrangement, a catalyst-to-lignin ratio of 3:1 was found to maximize both the aromatic hydrocarbons and the aggregate sum of aromatic hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds. At this ratio, 23% yield of aromatic hydrocarbons and 28% yield of the aggregate sum were obtained. Also at these conditions, the products detected are estimated to have a total oxygen content of about 4% and higher heating value of 46Â MJ/kg, roughly the same as gasoline and diesel. Toluene and p-xylene were the two most abundant hydrocarbons formed in the presence of catalysts. Up to 6.6% and 6.3% of the original lignin were converted into toluene and p-xylene, respectively. We estimate that if all the lignin produced in pulp and paper mills was catalytically pyrolyzed, the amount of toluene produced would be more than 30% of the current annual production of toluene from fossil sources worldwide.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Fuel - Volume 116, 15 January 2014, Pages 358-369
Journal: Fuel - Volume 116, 15 January 2014, Pages 358-369
نویسندگان
Min Zhang, Fernando L.P. Resende, Alex Moutsoglou,