Burning behaviors of collision-merged water/diesel, methanol/diesel, and water + methanol/diesel droplets

► The colliding and burning of water/methanol/mixture and diesel droplets were studied. ► Water/diesel droplet might end with flash vaporization after diesel was consumed. ► Catastrophic explosion occurred for the adhesively merged methanol/diesel droplets. ► Adding water into methanol altered the burning mode and had tunable burning rates. ► Insoluble liquid fuels could burn effectively through direct impinging approach.