Catalytic effects of ferric chloride and sodium hydroxide on supercritical liquefaction of thistle (Cirsium yildizianum)

- Cirsium yildizianum was liquefied in organic solvents.
- Acetone and ferric chloride provide the optimum conditions for liquefaction.
- The liquefaction process depends on temperature, solvent and catalyst.
- 85 different compounds were identified in bio-oils obtained with methanol at 300 °C.