Particle removal process during application of impinging dry ice jet

► We investigate the removal process of fine particles by using dry ice blasting. ► We analyze the removal efficiency, area, and frequency by microscopic observation. ► Impacts of primary dry ice particles and their agglomerates cause the removal. ► High removal efficiency was achieved at approximately − 70 °C. ► We propose a system parameter to determine the optimum jet flow rate for the removal.