Ethanol effect as premixed fuel in dual-fuel CI engines: Experimental and numerical investigations

Numerical simulations are carried out by means of the OpenFOAM® library, that represents the closed valve phase of the engine cycle. Thanks to the adoption of detailed reaction kinetics, the predicted spatial distributions of the selected reaction intermediates are compared with the images provided by optical diagnostics. Moreover, the integrated emission intensity from the chosen chemical species is compared to the corresponding total concentration calculated histories, in order to verify the coherence of the numerical results also in terms of temporal evolution.