Effect of bell-shaped loading and haversine loading on the dynamic modulus and resilient modulus of asphalt mixtures

The vertical compressive stress pulse distributions at various asphalt pavement depths can be represented as square loading, haversine loading and bell-shaped loading. This study aims in comparing the effects of bell-shaped loading and haversine loading on the dynamic modulus and resilient modulus of asphalt mixtures. Dynamic modulus test for AC-13, AC-16, AC-20, AC-25 and SUP-25 asphalt mixtures were conducted by applying haversine loading and bell-shaped loading. On the other hand, the resilient modulus test for these asphalt mixtures were measured by applying square loading, haversine loading and bell-shaped loading on specimens. The results indicated that the dynamic modulus under haversine loading were greater than those under bell-shaped loading. The resilient modulus under bell-shaped loading was the greatest, followed by that under haversine loading and square loading, respectively. It also revealed that the effects of bell-shaped loading on the dynamic modulus and resilient modulus of asphalt mixture increased with increasing nominal maximum aggregate size. Finally, linear relations were proposed for dynamic modulus under different loading waveforms, and as well as resilient modulus.