Efecto de la distribución de hidrocarburos SARA sobre las propiedades de residuales de vacío

In order to evaluate the effect of the SARA composition of vacuum residuum on its major physicochemical properties, the separation of three vacuum residuum of Venezuelan origin was done in its four main groups: Saturates, Aromatics, Resins and Asphaltenes (SARA), preparing from these four new residuum, called base residuals, with mass concentrations of each of these groups at least 50%, respectively. These base residuals were characterized in based on the C/H relation, immediate analysis, concentrations of heavy metals and Conradson Carbon, being that for those containing high concentrations of saturated and aromatic groups, C/H relation was lower, volatile material was greater, and the concentration of heavy metals and Conradson carbon were lower than in the case of residuum with higher concentrations of resin and asphaltene groups. Also it was obtained that the possibility of cracking and coke formation of the residuum, is directly related to the presence of the latter two groups in the crude oil.