Steady state and stability characteristics of natural circulation loops operating with carbon dioxide at supercritical pressures for open and closed loop boundary conditions

- Natural circulation experiments conducted with supercritical carbon dioxide.
- The instability observed in the pseudo-critical temperature range of operation.
- Instability is found for small power range bounded by upper and lower stable zones.
- NOLSTA code predicts very large unstable zone compared to experimental data.
- Thermal capacitance model included in NOLSTA code to simulate experimental data.