Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in older persons with and without a depressive disorder

We demonstrated a hypercortisolemic state and a diminished ability to respond to the stress of awakening among depressed older persons. Previously it was shown, that hypercortisolemic states may indicate a lifelong biological vulnerability for depression. Our findings expand on previous literature by demonstrating that in older persons the HPA-axis may become less responsive to stress, culminating in a further dysregulation of the diurnal cortisol-rhythm, superimposed on - possibly lifelong - hypercortisolemic states.