Estimation of transmission loss components from phasor measurements

This paper presents a method to estimate separate components of transmission losses from synchronised phasor measurements in terms of losses in the corresponding elements of the transmission line model. This means separate estimates of Joule losses in series resistive elements and active losses dissipated in the shunt conductive elements, e.g. corona and leakage, and both the consumed and generated reactive power in inductive and capacitive elements of the model are found. The main aim and benefit of the method is a new way to detect corona losses on transmission lines. To facilitate this, the needed mathematical expressions are derived for the estimation of transmission losses from simultaneous, i.e. time-synchronised, phasor measurements based on a distributed parameter multiconductor transmission line model. The efficacy of the derived expressions is analysed in PSCAD simulations and on real data from phasor measurement units (PMU).