Analytical assessment of voltage support via reactive power from new electric vehicles supply equipment in radial distribution grids with voltage-dependent loads

Grid operators have to cope with secure electric vehicles integration in the power system, which may lead to violations of the allowed voltage band. This work intends to provide an analytical assessment and guidelines for distribution system operators when evaluating new electric vehicle supply equipment installations with fast charging capability in existing low voltage distribution feeders. The aim is to prevent the voltage to exceed the permitted values when charging at high power, by exploiting the effect of reactive power. The contribution of each power component in distribution grids is analyzed, including the loads' voltage-dependency, which influences the effectiveness of reactive power control. The proposed guidelines indicate the amount of capacitive reactive power that an individual electric vehicle supply equipment is expected to provide, in order to effectively manage the voltage rise. The proposed method is validated on the Cigrè benchmark low voltage distribution network as well as on a real Danish low voltage grid.