Optimal placement and sizing of multiple APLCs using a modified discrete PSO

► Optimal allocation and sizing of APLCs using a Modified Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (MDPSO). ► The objective function is composed of the APLC investment cost. ► As constraints, the voltage THD and the individual harmonic distortion are maintained within the standard level. ► Proposing a new optimization method which is more robust and accurate compared with some other methods for APLC planning. ► Applying the realistic APLC cost function for the APLC planning.